Comparative study of the physicochemical characteristics of Cuban brown, red and yellow propolis
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Abstract
Propolis is a natural product with many demonstrated biological properties and their extracts have been used in food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. Different studies have showed the variations in the chemical composition, and consequently, on the biological activities of propolis that are associated with its type and geographical origin. The aim of this work was a comparative study of the physicochemical characteristics of three types of Cuban propolis collected in different provinces of the country. To do that it was analyzed humidity, wax, resin, mechanical mixtures and oxidative index of three type of Cuban propolis: brown, red and yellow. They were also analyzed according to the quality standards established by other countries. A total of 11 samples distributed in four brown, four red and three yellow propolis were studied. From physical-chemical characteristic, the humidity, wax and mechanical mixtures don’t showed differences, however, the resin and oxidation index showed differences between red and yellow propolis. The results, compared to the requirements established in international standards showed wax values above and resin below what was established. It could be concluded that red propolis has better characteristics of the parameters analyzed with better marketing prospect, while yellow is the opposite. In addition, none of the type of propolis fully satisfies quality requirements of international standards.
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